| dsehaui | Дата: Понедельник, 04.06.2012, 22:52 | Сообщение # 1 |
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| Pole/troll fishermen use a fishing pole and bait to target a variety of fish, ranging from open ocean swimmers, like tuna and mahi mahi, to bottom dwellers, like cod. Pole/troll fishing is environmentally responsible and a good alternative to pelagic longlining. Unlike pelagic longlines, which catch sharks, marine mammals, sea turtles and seabirds as bycatch, pole/troll fishermen have very low bycatch rates.
Purse seining establishes a large wall of netting to encircle schools of fish. Fishermen pull the bottom of the netting closed—like a drawstring purse—to herd fish into the center. This method is used to catch schooling fish, such as sardines, or species that gather to spawn, such as squid. There are several types of purse seines and, depending on which is used, some can catch other animals (such as when tuna seines are intentionally set on schools of dolphins).
Gillnetting uses curtains of netting that are suspended by a system of floats and weights; they can be anchored to the sea floor or allowed to float at the surface. The netting is almost invisible to fish, so they swim right into it. Gillnets are often used to catch sardines, salmon and cod, but can accidentally entangle and kill other animals, including sharks and sea turtles.
Longlining employs a central fishing line that can range from one to 50 miles long; this line is strung with smaller lines of baited hooks, dangling at evenly spaced intervals. Longlines can be set near the surface to catch pelagic fish like tuna and swordfish, or laid on the sea floor to catch deepdwelling fish like cod and halibut. Many lines, however, can hook sea turtles, sharks and seabirds that are also attracted to the bait. By sinking longlines deeper or using different hooks, fishermen can reduce the bycatch problem.
Trawls and dredges are nets towed at various depths to catch fish or shellfish. Trawl nets, which can be as large as a football field, are either dragged along the sea floor or midway between the floor and the surface. Trawlers catch fish such as pollock, cod, flounder and shrimp. Bottom trawling can result in high levels of bycatch. Dredging involves dragging a heavy frame with an attached mesh bag along the sea floor to catch animals living on or in the mud or sand; catches include scallops, clams and oysters. Dredging can damage the sea floor by scraping the bottom and also often results in significant bycatch.
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| Кислый | Дата: Понедельник, 04.06.2012, 22:59 | Сообщение # 2 |
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| Для тех, кто не понял о чем выше написано: "методы рыбалки". Но почему на английском - непонятно, хотя возможно там есть сверхсекретный способ рыбной ловли...Попробую перевести
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